Scope Of Practice Of A Health And Wellness Coach
Before embarking on any training (whether it is ours or another training school), it is vital to understand what the scope of practice of a Health and Wellness Coach is when working with clients. All professions in the health, fitness and wellness industries have a defined scope of practice and our field is no different.
Quite often people undertake Health and Wellness Coaching courses thinking they will be qualified to provide “advice” around dietary and lifestyle modifications including providing meal plans on completion of their training however this is not the case unless you have prior qualifications in a health, fitness or wellness field where your scope of practice can extend beyond that of a coach such as Naturopathy or Nutritional Medicine.
Although the list below is by no means comprehensive, this is a great guide to what a Health and Wellness Coach can or cannot do, and is widely recognised by leading international bodies.
As you will read, the recurring themes around coaching are all around empowerment of the client, keeping them safe and avoiding stepping outside the boundaries of your profession. Coaches facilitate change, they don’t advocate one way of eating, living or existing. Our job is to support and encourage clients to become masters of their own well-being.
Health and Wellness Coaching Scope of Practice
defined by the NBHWC
Endorsed by the Health Coaches Australia and New Zealand Association (HCANZA)
Health and wellness coaches engage individuals and groups in evidence-based, client-centered processes that facilitate and empower clients to develop and achieve self-determined, health and wellness goals. Coaches assist clients to use their own insight, personal strengths, and resources to set goals, commit to action steps, and establish accountability in building an envisioned healthy lifestyle. In this way, coaches empower clients through encouragement, exploration, the mobilization of internal strengths, the identification and utilization of external resources, and through the support and development of self-management strategies for executing sustainable, healthy lifestyle changes.
The coach’s role is one of accountability partner, not director, in navigating behavioral change and exploring opportunities for growth and development. As facilitators of the behavior change process, health and wellness coaches support clients to achieve self-directed goals and behavioral changes consistent with the client’s vision for health and wellbeing, informed by any treatment plans prescribed by the client’s professional healthcare team. When appropriate, health and wellness coaches may offer evidence-based resources or information from nationally recognized authorities. Additionally, when working under the license of a qualified medical or allied health professional (e.g., physician, psychologist, physical therapist), health and wellness coaches may support the implementation of those professionals’ treatment plans. On their own, however, coaches themselves do not diagnose, interpret medical data, prescribe or de-prescribe, recommend supplements, provide nutrition consultation or create meal plans, provide exercise prescription or instruction, consult and advise, or provide psychological therapeutic interventions* or treatment.
Health and wellness coaches who hold additional, active, national or state-recognized credentials may provide expert support and guidance within their professional scope for that credential; however, disclosure of the professional role and potential conflicts of interest must be discussed with the client and documented from the onset of a professional relationship. Health and wellness coaches should only function in dual roles with conscious intention and by clearly outlining both professional capacities, through discussion and documentation, as well as defining the boundaries of each. Further, health and wellness coaches must be well-versed in the professional capacity of each role, including the limits of knowledge and skills respective to each role, understand and demonstrate how to work within the limits of each professional role, and comply with all guiding ethical principles to ensure client interests and needs are at the forefront of the coach-client partnership.
*Therapeutic interventions are methods by which relevant, qualified professionals attempt remediation of a diagnosed medical or mental health condition, guided by the indications and contraindications noted for the intervention itself. Examples of therapeutic interventions provided in the context of treatment include, but are not limited to: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), Solution Focused Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), Internal Family Systems Therapy, and other such therapies and treatments relevant to the treatment of diagnosed medical and mental health conditions.
Health and Wellness Coaching Scope of Practice
HCANZA video
Watch the below video from the team Health Coaches Australia and New Zealand Association (HCANZA) going into detail on the Scope of Practice of a Health and Wellness Coach in Australia/New Zealand.
What Health and Wellness Coaches DO:
- DO Encourage clients to identify the changes they need to make in lifestyle habits without telling them what they “should” work towards
- DO: Let clients define their idea of “optimal” wellness as it applies to their life and support clients in defining a clear vision of where they want to go and encourage clients to set their own goals that are specific and achievable.
- DO Help clients build confidence in their ability to make the desired changes
- DO Only provide “expert” information in the area in which they hold nationally recognized credentials and inform their client of what these credentials are
- DO Help clients come up with strategies to overcome obstacles that might get in the way of their desired change and inspire by truly believing in their client’s ability to change and imparting this belief
- DO Encourage the client to take responsibility and make choices that they have come up with
- DO Use their “toolkit” of knowledge in the areas of health, fitness and lifestyle to provide options and choices for the client to consider, if relevant and requested oR recommended for reasons of safety.
- DO Know when to refer clients to trained health professionals for specific advice or consultation
What Health and Wellness Coaches DO NOT do:
- DO NOT Encourage the client to adopt the coaches own nutritional philosophy, exercise program or other behavioural routine that they may be passionate about and has worked for them
- DO NOT: Suggest what the client should be doing such as prescribing meal plans or dietary modifications
- DO NOT: Tell their client what steps are necessary
- DO NOT Educate the client in an area that they are not suitably qualified to speak on
- DO NOT Coerce or control the client in any way
- DO NOT Take on the responsibility for the client’s results and disempower them in any way
- Do NOT Judge a client by their own standards and beliefs
- DO NOT: Practice medicine of any kind (unless qualifications allow them to take on a secondary role)
Does this sound like the profession you want to follow?
Then the next step is formal training. But be sure that the training program fits the above scope of practice so that you will be insured to provide the service you plan on delivering.